A colectomy procedure to remove one
side of the colon is called hemicolectomy. A right hemicolectomy, involves
removing the right side of the colon and attaching the small intestine to the
remaining portion of the colon.
A left hemicolectomy involves removing
the left side of the colon and attaching the remaining parts of the colon.
The left side of the
large bowel (illustration right) is removed and the colon joined to the
remaining portion of rectum with staples or stitches. This can be done by
either laparoscopic (keyhole) or open surgery.
An abdominoperineal resection (APR) is a surgery in which the anus, rectum and sigmoid colon are removed. It is most often used to treat rectal cancers located very low in the rectum. Often this surgery occurs after radiation and/or chemotherapy treatments are completed.
Longo surgery is procedure to treat advanced, stage III-IV haemorrhoids. During the procedure, the excess mucosal cylinder causing the prolapse is removed by circular excision on the mucosa of the last section of the rectum.
Lateral
internal sphincterotomy is an operation to treat an anal fissure, a
tear in the opening of the anus that can cause pain, itching, and bleeding.
Anal fissures are caused by spasm of the anal muscles and can cause anal pain
that can be quite severe, usually during and after a bowel movement.
An anal fistula is a small tunnel that connects an abscess, an infected cavity in the anus, to an opening on the skin around the anus. There are different types of fistula surgery according to its types
The stapled transanal rectal resection (STARR) has recently been recommended for patients with obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) caused by rectocele and rectal wall intussusception. The aim of STARR is to correct the mechanical outlet obstruction using a stapler device for endorectal resection of the distal rectum.
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